An international private equity group that has been operating primarily in Europe since 1986, and expanded into North America in 2008. It manages over US$ 16 billion of equity capital. It invests in control buyout transactions in a variety of industries and its portfolio companies currently include Intelsat, the largest satellite operator worldwide, Suddenlink, the seventh largest cable operator in the US, Accudyne (formerly Hamilton Sundstrand), a leading manufacturer of engineered pumps and compressors worldwide, Springer, the leading publisher of academic and professional books and journals, and Migros, the largest food retailer in Turkey.