Emerging Technologies

This NASA animation shows a star exploding

New animations released by NASA are recasting a groundbreaking astronomical moment in a whole new light. Image: NASA

Dave Mosher
Science and Technology Correspondent, Business Insider
Share:
Our Impact
What's the World Economic Forum doing to accelerate action on Emerging Technologies?
A hand holding a looking glass by a lake
Crowdsource Innovation
Get involved with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale
Stay up to date:

Emerging Technologies

New animations released by NASA are recasting a groundbreaking astronomical moment in a whole new light.

On February 24, 1987, astronomers Oscar Dhalde and Ian Shelton witnessed an incredible sight atop a Chilean mountain: a new star in the night sky. Soon, however, they realized it was not a star's birth; rather, it was a blue supergiant meeting its doom.

In that moment, the fusion-powered core of the star — previously called Sanduleak −69° 202 — began to falter. Most astronomers agree the blast happened because the star's core ran low on high-energy fuel, while some believe another star merged with the blue supergiant to trigger the blast.

Whatever the cause, the star collapsed under its own gravity, exploded, spewed its radioactive guts all over space, and generated the power of 100 million suns in the process. We now call the object Supernova 1987A, or SN 1987A.

It was not only the brightest supernova seen for hundreds of years, but also the first time astronomers recorded such an event with modern, high-tech instruments.

"Supernova 1987A became one of the best opportunities ever for astronomers to study the phases before, during, and after the death of a star," a video produced by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory team said.

The data has provided lots clues about supernovas, including how they forge new elements that life needs to evolve and distribute them around the universe.

NASA recently commemorated the supernova's anniversary with a bunch of new multimedia, and a few of the images and animations caught our eye.

Zooming in on a supernova's leftovers
Loading...

This animation gives you a sense of where in the night sky (and just how far away) SN 1987A is located.

The remnants lurk inside the Large Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf galaxy that trails the Milky Way some 168,000 light-years from Earth.

This vast distance means the explosion technically happened 168,000 years in the past, at least relative to where we live. It took that long for the light from the blast to reach us.

Ring of radioactive fire
Loading...

About once a month over the course of more than 20 years, the Hubble space telescope has photographed SN 1987A and its traveling shock wave. Astronomers continue to compile these images into animations to watch the system evolve.

Starting around the year 2000, they saw the shockwave begin slamming into a 1-light-year-wide ring of gas and dust that the star threw off before its death, creating a brilliant, bubbling glow.

Researchers now believe the high-speed blast wave is leaving the field of gas and dust, marking the beginning of a "major change" in its evolution, according to a pre-print study posted to arXiv.org.

3D model of a disaster
Loading...

This new animation is of a computer model that shows SN 1987A's explosion and entire evolution through 2017, and in three dimensions.

The model — described in a pre-print study on arXiv led by Salvatore Orlando, an astrophysicist at the INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo in Italy — can also fast-forward SN 1987A's evolution years into the future.

For more on the model, check out an interview with Orlando on Chandra X-ray Observatory's website.

Don't miss any update on this topic

Create a free account and access your personalized content collection with our latest publications and analyses.

Sign up for free

License and Republishing

World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.

Share:
World Economic Forum logo
Global Agenda

The Agenda Weekly

A weekly update of the most important issues driving the global agenda

Subscribe today

You can unsubscribe at any time using the link in our emails. For more details, review our privacy policy.

How to build the skills needed for the age of AI

Juliana Guaqueta Ospina

April 11, 2024

1:31

About Us

Events

Media

Partners & Members

  • Join Us

Language Editions

Privacy Policy & Terms of Service

© 2024 World Economic Forum