PhD in Economics; MPhil in Economics; MA in International Relations: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris; Oxford University (St Antony's College). 1988-90, Chargé de Mission, Prime Minister's Office, Paris; 1990-91, Resident Fellow, Institute for East-West Security Studies, New York; 1992-98, Associate Banker and Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, London; 1998-99, Chief Economist and Strategist, Alfa Bank, Moscow; currently, Senior Director, Global Risk Network, World Economic Forum. Author of books, including several novels.