BSc in Architecture; MSc in Management Studies, MIT; studied Political Science at MIT and Harvard University. 1967, Israel Defence Forces; served in an elite commando unit and participated in various missions during the War of Attrition. Experience with Boston Consulting Group and in senior management with Rim Industries, Jerusalem. 1979 and 1984, initiated and organized an international conference against terrorism attended by several prominent world leaders. 1982, Deputy Chief of Mission, Israeli Embassy, Washington. Member of the first delegation to the talks on strategic cooperation between Israel and the United States. 1984, Israel's Ambassador to the United States. 1988, elected to the 12th Knesset as Likud member; appointed Deputy Foreign Minister. During the Gulf War, served as Israel's principal representative in the international arena. 1991, senior member of the Israeli delegation to the Madrid Peace Conference. 1993, elected Likud Party Chairman and the party's candidate for Prime Minister. 1996-99, Prime Minister of Israel. 2002-03, Minister of Foreign Affairs. 2003-05, Minister of Finance. 2006-09, Leader of the Opposition. 2012-13, Minister of Foreign Affairs. Since 2009, Prime Minister of Israel. Author of books.