PhD in Physics, MIT. Founding President, New England Complex Systems Institute; performed studies of economic cascades and market volatility that clarify how to improve robustness and reduce economic uncertainty. Developed scientific tools to improve our ability to anticipate the impact of societal decisions and policies. Has written and advised government agencies about complex challenges, including promoting development, improving healthcare and education, engineering complex systems, and preventing ethnic violence. Food prices research among top 10 scientific discoveries in 2011 (wired).