The world’s population surpassed 7 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050. Rapid population growth can amplify the number of challenges facing a country, such as in health, employment, education, economic growth and access to vital resources. Key actors need to understand the nature of the current and upcoming demographic transformations, as well as the potential risks and opportunities that come with these changes. While raising awareness on potential risks linked to population growth, however, it is also necessary to keep in mind that countries face a variety of challenges and have their own traditions and beliefs. Addressing population growth requires tailored solutions.