1968, BA in History, Stanford University; 1971, BLitt in Politics and Philosophy, University of Oxford; 1974, PhD in Economics, Yale University. Recently completed study on reform of patent law for US National Academy of Sciences. Member: Presidential Commission on Intelligence Capacity; NAS Commission, US Competitiveness. Director: Lucent Technologies; Hewlett Foundation; Board of Science, Technology and Economic Policy, National Academy of Sciences. Chairman of the Board, AllLearn, a distance learning joint venture of Oxford, Stanford and Yale universities. Expertise: economics of technological change, patent system, industrial organization, antitrust, international trade, Chinese economic development.