BA, Smith College; Master's in International Affairs, Columbia University. Formerly: Economist, Federal Reserve Bank, New York; 1980-83, Standard & Poor's, in NY, London and Paris 1983-93, Senior Credit Officer, JPMorgan Europe. 1993-98, Standard & Poor's London 1998-2003: Managing Director and Chief Credit Officer, Europe; 2004-08, Executive Managing Director and Head, Ratings Services, Europe, Middle East and Africa. 2008-2012 Chief Executive International Centre for Financial Regulation. Board Member, National Australia Group Europe; Member of Council, The Royal Institute for International Affairs, Chatham House; Trustee Capital Mass.