Studies in Journalism and Latin American Studies, University of Kansas and University of Texas, Austin; 1991, Nieman Fellow, Harvard University. Formerly: late 1980s, taught journalism and US-Latin American relations at Colombian universities; 1990, kidnapped by Pablo Escobar, then leader of Medellín drug cartel, held for nearly eight months with ten other journalists in unsuccessful attempt to get promise from President not to extradite drug traffickers to US; 1992, founded País Libre (Free Nation), an organization to assist victims of kidnapping and their families, promoted civil society resistance against kidnapping and terrorism, culminating in 1999 march involving millions of Colombians; Editor, El Tiempo, Colombia's largest daily newspaper, wrote weekly column and often spoke out against kidnappings and massacres; condemned intolerance and murderous acts of extremists from left and right; 2000-03, left Colombia after receiving multiple death threats by guerrilla group, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC); Journalist, daily newspaper, El País, Madrid. Since 2002, current position. Recipient of Paul Harris Medal, Rotary International's highest award.