1987, advanced studies, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Switzerland. 1981-83, Interpreter, UN Secretariat; 1983-86, Attaché, Deputy Office Director, Department of African Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA); 1987-88, Second Secretary, Department of African Affairs, MFA; 1988-90, Second Secretary, Chinese Embassy, Republic of Zimbabwe; 1990-92, Deputy Office Director and First Secretary, Department of International Organizations and Conferences, MFA; 1992-94, First Secretary, Permanent Mission of China to UN; 1994-96, Counsellor, Permanent Mission of China to UN; 1996-97, Counsellor, Department of International Organizations and Conferences, MFA; 1997-98, Deputy Director-General, Department of Arms Control, MFA; 1998-2001, Minister Counsellor, Chinese Embassy, US; 2001-06, Director-General, Department of North American and Oceanian Affairs, MFA; 2006-08, Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs; 2008-10,Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs; since 2010, current position.