1968, graduate in Iron & Metallurgy, Beijing Iron & Steel Institute. 1968-92, with Nanjing Iron & Steel Plant, Jiangsu Province. 1992-97, Vice-Mayor, Nanjing City, Vice-Chair & Chair, Jiangsu Provincial Cttee, China Democratic National Construction Association (CDNCA) & Chair, CDNCA Nanjing Municipal Cttee; 1997-98, Vice-Chair, Central Cttee, CDNCA, Chair, Jiangsu Provincial Cttee, CDNCA; Chair, CDNCA Nanjing Municipal Cttee, Vice-Mayor, Nanjing. 1998-2001, Vice-Chair, Central Cttee, CDNCA, Chair, Jiangsu Provincial Cttee, CDNCA & Chair, CDNCA Nanjing Municipal Cttee, Vice-Chair, Standing Cttee, Jiangsu Provincial People's Congress. 2001-02 Vice-Chair, All-China Industry & Commerce Federation, Vice-Chair, Central Cttee, CDNCA, Chair, Jiangsu Provincial Cttee, CDNCA, Chair, CDNCA Nanjing Municipal Cttee, & Vice-Chair, Standing Cttee, Jiangsu Provincial People's Congress. 2002-03, Vice-Chair, Standing Cttee, Jiangsu Provincial People's Congress & Chair, All-China Industry & Commerce Federation. Since 2003, current position.