1986, Master's in Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam. 1986-91, with FMs interest-rate and FX derivatives area, Amro Bank/ABN Amro. 1991-96, with European Treasury, IBM, Ireland. 1996, joined ING; 2000, Head, Treasury, ING Insurance; 2000-06, Head, Corporate Market Risk Management; 2006-07, Deputy Chief Risk Officer, ING Group; 2007-11, Member of the Executive Board, ING Group and Chief Risk Officer (CRO); since 2011, Vice-Chairman, ING Bank; Member, Management Board, Banking.