Doctorate in Law, European University Institute. 2003-09, Advocate-General, European Court of Justice, Luxembourg. Former: Director, Global Governance Program and Professor of Law, European University Institute in Florence, Italy; Visiting Professor, Yale University Law School. April 2013, appointed to the Portuguese Government as Minister in the Cabinet of the Prime Minister and for Regional Development. Has lectured at numerous institutions, including: College of Europe; Catholic University of Lisbon; New University of Lisbon; London School of Economics; University of Chicago Law School; Centre for Political and Constitutional Studies of Spain; Ortega y Gasset Institute, Madrid; Institute of European Studies of Macau.