Graduated from the Ecole Polytechnique and from the Centre d’Etudes Actuarielles. 1988-1991, began career with Arthur Andersen in Paris; 1991, joined AXA as Vice President of the Finance Department; 1997, joined AXA Investment Managers; 1999, Chief Executive Officer of AXA Rosenberg; 2000, Chief Operation Officer of AXA Investment Managers; 2002, Chief Executive Officer of AXA Investment Managers; 2006, Chief Executive Officer of AXA UK; 2010, Chief Executive Officer of AXA France; since 2012, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of AXA France, with additional responsibilities of overseeing the worldwide operations of AXA Assistance and AXA Global Direct.