1980, diploma and 1983, Doctorate in Medicine, Geneva University. 1984-92, Faculty positions, Brown University, Providence, US; 1991, Chairman, Biomaterials Section, Artificial Organs and Cellular Technology, Brown University; 1992, Professor, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, and Director, Gene Therapy Centre, CHUV, the Lausanne University Medical School; 2000, President, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland. Founder, three biotechnology companies. Member of the Board, Lonza.