MD, Southern Illinois University; training in paediatrics and MPH, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Formerly: with National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Fellow, Epidemiology Training Program and Chief, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs Branch, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; Director, Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health. With Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: involved in development and implemetation of strategies for prevention, treatment and control of diseases of relevance to global health, focusing on malaria, pneumonia, diarrhoea, human papillomavirus and classic neglected diseases; scope includes drug and vaccine research, development and introduction, clinical trials and control programmes. Member of the Board: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; In-Depth Network; African Malaria Network Trust; Medicines for Malaria Venture; Institute of One World Health.