1971, graduate, College of Engineering, University of Mosul, 1976, Master's and Doctorate, Germany. 1975-82, Chairman, Kurdish Student's Society in Europe. Since 1979, with the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. 1992, President, Kurdistan Democratic Party bloc, Parliament of Kurdistan and Minister of Interior and Deputy Prime Minister of the first Kurdistan Government. 1996, Prime Minister of Kurdistan. 2000-04, Speaker of the Kurdistan Parliament. From 2003, Alternate Member, Governing Council in Baghdad; also had an active role as a Kurdish leader in drafting the new Iraqi Constitution. 2004, Vice-President of the Republic of Iraq, then Federal Deputy Prime Minister. 2006, Member, Iraqi Parliament. 2006-10, Member, Political Council for National Security. Since 2010, Deputy Prime Minister; from 2010, assumed the responsibility of the head of the Kurdish Negotiating Delegation for forming the Federal Government. Also Chairman: High Level Ministerial Economic Committee; International Partnership Committee. Head: Ministerial Committee for Poverty Eradication Policies; Special Committee for Protection of Iraqi Funds Abroad; other committees related to the economic sector.