1964, degree, Seoul National University; 1966, MBA and 1969, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles. 1987-88, Minister of Finance, Korea; 1983-87, Senior Secretary to President for Economic Affairs; 1989-98, Special Consultant to the International Monetary Fund; 1993-2007, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Institute for Global Economics; 2000-02, Ambassador for International Economy and Trade; 2007-08, Chairman, National Competitiveness in Presidential Transition Committee; 2008-09, Chairman, Presidential Council on National Competitiveness; 2008-09, Senior Economic Adviser to President; 2008, Chairman, G20 Summit Korea Coordination Committee; since 2009, current position. Author and Editor, many books and articles in professional journals dealing with Korean economy, economic development and international finance and trade policy issues. Recipient of awards including Blue Stripes Order of Civil Service Merit, Korean government (1990); Order of the Brilliant Star with Grand Cordon, China (1987); Order of the Crown, Belgium (1986); Grand Prize for Distinguished Policy Makers, Korea University (2002).