What will the global population be by 2100? Scientists can't agree

Dec 8, 2021

With the collaboration of Statista.

The growth in global population is dividing scientists.

The UN population division estimates that by 2100 they'll be 10.9 billion people on the planet. Image: REUTERS/Issei Kato

Katharina Buchholz

Data Journalist, Statista

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Researchers can't agree whether the world's population will increase or decrease over the next century.
The U.N. population division assume that by 2100 they'll be 10.9 billion people on the planet.
Researchers of the University of Washington however believe that the population of the world will be between 6.3 and 8.8 billion people.
It also assumes the global population will peak in 2064 at 9.7 billion people.

The world has already set the course for a future population decline - while experts agree on this, they haven't been on the same page about just how fast the number of people on this Earth will shrink.

In an article published in medical journal The Lancet, researchers of the University of Washington, for example, challenge the U.N. population division's view that world populations will rise beyond the end of this century. They assume that by 2100, the population of the world will be between 6.3 and 8.8 billion people - so potentially fewer than in the year 2020. The researchers conclude that the speed of population decline is linked to the speed of the attainment of developmental goals, most notably education for women and girls and access to contraception. Furthermore, the Lancet authors point out that models of population growth have proven to be very stable while those dealing with population decline were much less reliable.

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a chart showing global population predictions

Researchers can't agree whether the world's population will increase or decrease over the next century. Image: Statista

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While the U.N. predicts that the world population will continue to grow past 2100, the Lancet article's base scenario assumes it will peak in 2064 at 9.7 billion people. According to the researchers, populations in Europe and Central Asia would already peak in 2023, while that date would be 2032 in East and Southeast Asia, 2049 in South Asia, 2055 in Latin America, 2064 in the U.S. and Canada as well as 2084 in North Africa and the Middle East and 2100 in Sub-Saharan Africa (taking into account migration patterns).

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