These are the 8 major forces shaping the future of the global economy

Oct 11, 2018

$A farmer holds a wad of Cuban money at a vegetable stall at a market in Sagua La Grande, in the province of Villaclara in central Cuba, around 240 km (149 miles) east of Havana October 12, 2013. Cuba took the first step towards scrapping its two-tier currency on October 22, 2013, in a move which could boost local workers' income and remove a major hurdle for importers and exporters. Cuba's convertible peso (CUC) is pegged to the U.S. dollar, while the local peso (CUP) is valued at a fraction of the greenback's value, angering the population which is paid in the latter, and complicating accounting, the evaluation of performance, and trade for state companies. Picture taken October 12, 2013. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA - Tags: SOCIETY BUSINESS AGRICULTURE)$

From atoms to bytes. Image: REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA - Tags: SOCIETY BUSINESS AGRICULTURE) - GM1E9AN0M3801

Jeff Desjardins

Founder and editor, Visual Capitalist

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Apple remained the top company for market value, more than doubling their value in 2018.

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The united states holds the biggest share of global debt however Japan has the highest debt to GDP ratio of 239%

China is projected to have the largest percentage of global growth.

History has shown the effect of Black Swans, events that come as a surprise with major implications, adversely affecting the economy.

China has countless cities each with a higher economic productivity than entire countries.

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