White Papers

Data Free Flow with Trust (DFFT): Paths towards Free and Trusted Data Flows

A major international initiative on data flows, the Osaka Track, was launched by heads of governments under Japan’s G20 leadership in 2019. This paper develo...

The Future of Trade and Investment: A Call to Prevent Economic Fragmentation

In January 2019, the Global Future Council on International Trade and Investment outlined four potential scenarios for the future of global trade and investm...

International Investment in the Age of Geopolitical Competition, Technological Change and Trade Confrontation

This briefing paper by the Global Future Council on International Trade and Investment explains the new forces shaping international investment. It outlines ...

Exploring International Data Flow Governance

This paper provides insights, developed through expert inputs, on domestic good practices as well as trade policy tools that can help balance facilitating cr...

Competition Policy in a Globalized, Digitalized Economy

Features of many digital platforms have led competition authorities to rethink traditional tools. In doing so, they have taken diverse views of the consumer ...

Corporate Tax, Digitalization and Globalization

As countries seek to reform international corporate tax rules to address these issues, this paper supports informed debate among non-experts. It has been pro...

Windows of Opportunity: Facilitating Trade with Blockchain Technology

Trade costs – the costs of moving cargo from one country to another – are a leading constraint for companies wanting to engage in trade. The development of t...

The Global Governance of Online Consumer Protection and E-commerce

Global Value Chain Policy Series: Taxation

This paper highlights the disconnect between the modern global economy and an outdated international tax framework and provides some suggestions for how tax ...

Global Value Chain Policy Series: Competition

Anti-competitive behaviour can affect the smooth functioning of global value chains (GVCs) in different ways and at various stages. The international nature ...

Global Value Chain Policy Series: Services

With new data revealing the extent of services’ contribution to global value chains, there has been greater policy interest in what drives services competiti...

Global Value Chain Policy Series: Investment

Given the important role of multinational enterprises (MNEs), attracting foreign direct investment is a key concern for countries keen to join value chains. ...